2008-03-20

Two Very Long Steel Wires

In his garage, Bengt has two long steel wires, wound up into balls. They are very, very long indeed.
One of them is so long it could go all the way around the world. The other one is 1 m longer. They are 1 mm thick.
(Assume that the Earth is spherical, and that there is no air in the balls.)

  1. Bengt imagines laying out the two threads along the equator. One of them is touching the ground, the other one is a small distance away from it (same distance everywhere).
    How far from the ground is the second wire?

  2. Bengt imagines pulling up on the long wire, so it is taut against the ground on the other side. How far from the ground can he pull the thread?

  3. What fraction of its length would be touching the ground?

  4. Bengt imagines laying out the threads (like in question a) and then moving the shorter thread to the north, until it is the same distance from the ground as the other one. How far does he move it?

  5. What is the diameter of the balls?

  6. The balls are lying next to each other. What gravity force do they exert on each other?

  7. The floor of the garage has zero friction. Unfortunately it is not entirely horizontal, so Bengt has had to tie the balls to the wall. If he lets one of them loose, and it is held in place by the gravity from the other, what is the maximum possible angle of the floor?